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The Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) is a measurement that combines air temperature and relative humidity to assess heat stress risk in dairy cows. Farmers use THI to determine when environmental conditions may begin affecting feed intake, milk production, fertility, and overall cow welfare.

A barn ventilation retrofit is the process of upgrading an existing dairy barn's airflow system without constructing a new facility. Modern retrofit solutions, including fabric duct ventilation systems, can improve air distribution, reduce heat stress, and support milk production while allowing farms to maintain normal daily operations and milking schedules.

Heat stress in dairy cows can reduce feed intake, lower milk production, and impact fertility. Common warning signs include increased panting, reduced feed consumption, declining milk yield, crowding around airflow sources, and changes in resting behavior. Identifying these symptoms early helps farmers take action before significant production losses occur.